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내부 감사 실무자 (IAP) 자격증 시험은 내부 감사에서 경력을 시작하는 개인을 대상으로합니다. 이 시험은 전 세계의 내부 감사 전문가를 위한 선도적인 전문 협회 인 Internal Auditors Institute (IIA)에서 제공됩니다. IAP 자격증은 내부 감사 전문가로서의 지식과 열정을 입증하는 좋은 방법입니다.
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질문 # 84
Which sampling technique uses a nonrandom selection process that is expected to be representative of the population as a whole?
정답:C
설명:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Definition of Sampling Techniques:
* Judgmental Sampling: A nonrandom method where the auditor uses their professional judgment to select items expected to be representative of the population.
* Haphazard Sampling: A nonrandom approach without systematic methodology, relying on arbitrary selection.
* Attribute Sampling: A statistical sampling method used to test for specific attributes or characteristics in a population.
* Reasoning:
* Option A is correct because judgmental sampling intentionally selects items based on the auditor' s knowledge and expectations, aiming for representation.
* Option B (haphazard sampling) lacks intentionality and may not reliably represent the population.
* Option C (attribute sampling) involves random, statistical selection rather than a nonrandom process.
* When to Use Judgmental Sampling:
* It is appropriate when the auditor has sufficient expertise to select representative items and when statistical sampling is not feasible.
질문 # 85
During an accounts payable audit engagement, the internal auditor found that vendor invoices are always paid
30 days after the invoice date, regardless of the vendor's payment terms. The auditor also discovered that accounts payable employees are not comparing vendor invoices received to previous vendor invoices prior to payment. Based on the auditor's observations, what are the potential risks?
정답:C
설명:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Lost Payment Discounts: By paying all invoices after 30 days, regardless of terms, the organization risks losing early payment discounts offered by vendors, leading to poor cash management.
질문 # 86
Which of the following is considered an organization-level control, as opposed to process-level or transaction- level?
정답:C
설명:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Organization-Level Controls: These controls address risks at the entity-wide level, such as governance, tone at the top, and policies affecting multiple processes. Personnel policies requiring qualified employees are an organization-level control as they apply broadly across the organization.
질문 # 87
To be organizationally independent, the chief audit executive should administratively report to which of the following?
정답:C
설명:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Reference to IIA Standards:
* Standard 1110 - Organizational Independence: Organizational independence is achieved when the CAE reports functionally to the board or audit committee and administratively to the CEO or equivalent.
* Reasoning:
* Option C is correct because administrative reporting to the CEO ensures the CAE has access to resources, support, and operations without impairing functional independence.
* Option A and Option B describe functional reporting lines (e.g., approval of the audit charter and plans), which are distinct from administrative reporting.
* Significance of Reporting Structure:
* Administrative reporting ensures the day-to-day management of the internal audit function, while functional reporting maintains independence and alignment with governance.
질문 # 88
Which of the following best explains why internal auditors should identify risk scenarios during a risk assessment of the area being audited?
정답:B
설명:
Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
* Reference to IIA Standards:
* Standard 2120 - Risk Management: Internal audit must assess and evaluate the risk management processes of the organization.
* Identifying risk scenarios supports engagement objectives by determining vulnerabilities and threats to process objectives.
* Reasoning:
* Option A is correct because risk scenarios provide insights into potential events or conditions that could hinder achieving objectives. This allows auditors to assess risk exposure and evaluate controls effectively.
* Option B (control effectiveness) is a subsequent step in the audit process but does not explain the need for identifying risk scenarios.
* Option C focuses on evaluating management's process, which is broader than identifying specific risks for the engagement.
* Practical Application:
* Risk scenarios guide auditors in tailoring their approach to address areas of greatest vulnerability.
질문 # 89
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